A potent inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV), an enzyme that cleaves glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)1. Delaying the degradation of GLP-1 extends the action of insulin and suppresses the release of glucagon which results in reduction in elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia)2. Ameliorates cognitive deficits in streptozotocin-induced Alzheimers disease model3. Displays protective effects on b-cells by inhibition of ER stress in a mouse model4. Clinically useful antidiabetic agent.
Vildagliptin increases β cell mass by not only directly affecting cell kinetics but also by indirectly reducing cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic mice.
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