Cephalexin, Monohydrate is a semi-synthetic, cephalosporin antibiotic. it is a first generation cephalosporin. Inhibitor of cell wall synthesis. Active against gram positive bacteria. Moderately active against gram negative bacteria, B-lactamase sensitive. It is used in the treatment of susceptible infections of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, and skin. used to study the effect of expression, binding, and inhibition of PBP3 and other penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) on bacterial cell wall mucopeptide synthesis. Cephalexin and other antibiotics have been shown to inhibit p-aminohippurate uptake by the rat renal organic anion transporter 1, as expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. A study of CHO cells transfected with the vector for the H⁺-coupled peptide transporter PEPT1 has shown that cephalexin is a competitor for dipeptide transport. Cephalexin has been used to culture E. coli at 10 µg/mL for the expression of fusion proteins.

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